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python目录与文件操作(助记)

老鼠 posted @ 2009年4月23日 02:21 in Python with tags python 文件操作 , 2994 阅读

来自:http://hi.baidu.com/javalang/blog/item/6ce3293f866596ee55e72334.html
os和os.path模块
os.listdir(dirname):列出dirname下的目录和文件
os.getcwd():获得当前工作目录
os.curdir:返回但前目录('.')
os.chdir(dirname):改变工作目录到dirname

os.path.isdir(name):判断name是不是一个目录,name不是目录就返回false
os.path.isfile(name):判断name是不是一个文件,不存在name也返回false
os.path.exists(name):判断是否存在文件或目录name
os.path.getsize(name):获得文件大小,如果name是目录返回0L
os.path.abspath(name):获得绝对路径
os.path.normpath(path):规范path字符串形式
os.path.split(name):分割文件名与目录(事实上,如果你完全使用目录,它也会将最后一个目录作为文件名而分离,同时它不会判断文件或目录是否存在)
os.path.splitext():分离文件名与扩展名
os.path.join(path,name):连接目录与文件名或目录
os.path.basename(path):返回文件名
os.path.dirname(path):返回文件路径

>>> import os
>>> os.getcwd()
'C:\\Python25'

>>> os.chdir(r'C:\temp')
>>> os.getcwd()
'C:\\temp'

>>> os.listdir('.')
['temp.txt', 'test.py', 'testdir', 'tt']
>>> os.listdir(os.curdir)
['temp.txt', 'test.py', 'testdir', 'tt']

>>> os.path.getsize('test.py')
38L
>>> os.path.isdir('tt')
True
>>> os.path.getsize('tt')
0L

>>> os.path.abspath('tt')
'c:\\temp\\tt'
>>> os.path.abspath('test.py')
'c:\\temp\\test.py'
>>> os.path.abspath('.')
'c:\\temp'
>>>
>>> os.path.split(r'.\tt')
('.', 'tt')
>>> os.path.split(r'c:\temp\test.py')
('c:\\temp', 'test.py')
>>> os.path.split(r'c:\temp\test.dpy')
('c:\\temp', 'test.dpy'


>>> os.path.splitext(r'c:\temp\test.py')
('c:\\temp\\test', '.py')
>>> os.path.splitext(r'c:\temp\tst.py')
('c:\\temp\\tst', '.py')
>>>
>>> os.path.basename(r'c:\temp\tst.py')
'tst.py'
>>> os.path.dirname(r'c:\temp\tst.py')
'c:\\temp'
>>>

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